Eligibility and conditions for taking input tax credit
(1) Every registered taxable person shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed and within the time and manner specified in section 44, be entitled to take credit of input tax charged on any supply of goods or services to him which are used or intended to be used in the course or furtherance of his business and the said amount shall be credited to the electronic credit ledger of such person:
PROVIDED that credit of input tax in respect of pipelines and telecommunication tower fixed to earth by foundation or structural support including foundation and structural support thereto shall not exceed —
(a) one-third of the total input tax in the financial year in which the said goods are received,
(b) two-third of the total input tax, including the credit availed in the first financial year, in the financial year immediately succeeding the year referred to in clause (a) in which the said goods are received, and
(c) the balance of the amount of credit in any subsequent financial year.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, but subject to the provisions of section 36, no registered taxable person shall be entitled to the credit of any input tax in respect of any supply of goods and/or services to him unless,-
(a) he is in possession of a tax invoice or debit note issued by a supplier registered under this Act, or such other taxpaying document(s) as may be prescribed;
(b) he has received the goods and/or services;
(c) the tax charged in respect of such supply has been actually paid to the account of the appropriate Government, either in cash or through utilization of input tax credit admissible in respect of the said supply; and
(d) he has furnished the return under section 34:
PROVIDED that where the goods against an invoice are received in lots or installments, the registered taxable person shall be entitled to take credit upon receipt of the last lot or installment:
PROVIDED FURTHER that where a recipient fails to pay to the supplier of services, the amount towards the value of supply of services along with tax payable thereon within a period of three months from the date of issue of invoice by the supplier, an amount equal to the input tax credit availed by the recipient shall be added to his output tax liability, along with interest thereon, in the manner as may be prescribed.
Explanation — For the purpose of clause (b), it shall be deemed that the taxable person has received the goods where the goods are delivered by the supplier to a recipient or any other person on the direction of such taxable person, whether acting as an agent or otherwise, before or during movement of goods, either by way of
transfer of documents of title to goods or otherwise.
(3) Where the registered taxable person has claimed depreciation on the tax component of the cost of capital goods under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961(43 of 1961), the input tax credit shall not be allowed on the said tax component.
(4) A taxable person shall not be entitled to take input tax credit in respect of any invoice or debit note for supply of goods or services after furnishing of the return under section 34 for the month of September following the end of financial year to which such invoice or invoice relating to such debit note pertains or furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier.
Apportionment of credit and blocked credits
(1) Where the goods and/or services are used by the registered taxable person partly for the purpose of any business and partly for other purposes, the amount of credit shall be restricted to so much of the input tax as is attributable to the purposes of his business.
(2) Where the goods and / or services are used by the registered taxable person partly for effecting taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies under this Act or under the IGST Act, 2016 and partly for effecting exempt supplies under the said Acts, the amount of credit shall be restricted to so much of the input tax as is attributable to the said taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies.
Explanation – For the purposes of this sub-section, exempt supplies shall include supplies on which recipient is liable to pay tax on reverse charge basis under subsection
(3) of section 8. (3) A banking company or a financial institution including a non-banking financial company, engaged in supplying services by way of accepting deposits, extending loans or advances shall have the option to either comply with the provisions of sub-section (2), or avail of, every month, an amount equal to fifty per cent of the eligible input tax credit on inputs, capital goods and input services in that month.
Explanation.- The option once exercised shall not be withdrawn during the remaining part of the financial year.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) of section 16 and subsection (1), (2), (3) and (4) of section 18, input tax credit shall not be available in respect of the following:
(a) motor vehicles and other conveyances except when they are used
(i) for making the following taxable supplies, namely
(A) further supply of such vehicles or conveyances ; or
(B) transportation of passengers; or
(C) imparting training on driving, flying, navigating such vehicles or conveyances;
(ii) for transportation of goods.
(b) supply of goods and services, namely,
(i) food and beverages, outdoor catering, beauty treatment, health services, cosmetic and plastic surgery except where such inward supply of goods or services of a particular category is used by a registered taxable person for making an outward taxable supply of the same category of goods or services;
(ii) membership of a club, health and fitness centre,
(iii) rent-a-cab, life insurance, health insurance except where the Government notifies the services which are obligatory for an employer to provide to its employees under any law for the time being in force; and
(iv) travel benefits extended to employees on vacation such as leave or home travel concession.
(c) works contract services when supplied for construction of immovable property, other than plant and machinery, except where it is an input service for further supply of works contract service;
(d) goods or services received by a taxable person for construction of an immovable property on his own account, other than plant and machinery, even when used in course or furtherance of business;
Explanation 1. – For the purpose of this clause, the word “construction” includes re-construction, renovation, additions or alterations or repairs, to the extent of capitalization, to the said immovable property.
Explanation 2. – ‘Plant and Machinery’ means apparatus, equipment, machinery, pipelines, telecommunication tower fixed to earth by foundation or structural support that are used for making outward supply and includes such foundation and structural supports but excludes land, building or any other civil structures.
(e) goods and/or services on which tax has been paid under section 9;
(f) goods and/or services used for personal consumption;
(g) goods lost, stolen, destroyed, written off or disposed of by way of gift or free samples; and
(h) any tax paid in terms of sections 67, 89 or 90.
(5) The Central or a State Government may, by notification issued in this behalf, prescribe the manner in which the credit referred to in sub-sections (1) and (2) above may be attributed.
Availability of credit in special circumstances
(1) A person who has applied for registration under the Act within thirty days from the date on which he becomes liable to registration and has been granted such registration shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be entitled to take credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock and inputs contained in semi-finished or finished goods held in stock on the day immediately preceding the date from which he becomes liable to pay tax under the provisions of this Act.
(2) A person, who takes registration under sub-section (3) of section 23 shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be entitled to take credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock and inputs contained in semi-finished or finished goods held in stock on the day immediately preceding the date of grant of registration.
(3) Where any registered taxable person ceases to pay tax under section 9, he shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be entitled to take credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock, inputs contained in semi-finished or finished goods held in stock and on capital goods on the day immediately preceding the date from which he becomes liable to pay tax under section 8:
PROVIDED that the credit on capital goods shall be reduced by such percentage points as may be prescribed in this behalf (4) Where an exempt supply of goods or services by a registered taxable person becomes a taxable supply, such person shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be entitled to take credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock and inputs contained in semi-finished or finished goods held in stock relatable to such exempt supply and on capital goods exclusively used for such exempt supply on the day immediately preceding the date from which such supply becomes taxable:
PROVIDED that the credit on capital goods shall be reduced by such percentage points as may be prescribed in this behalf. (5) A taxable person shall not be entitled to take input tax credit under sub-section (1), (2), (3) or (4), as the case may be, in respect of any supply of goods and / or services to him after the expiry of one year from the date of issue of tax invoice relating to such supply.
(6) Where there is a change in the constitution of a registered taxable person on account of sale, merger, demerger, amalgamation, lease or transfer of the business with the specific provision for transfer of liabilities, the said registered taxable person shall be allowed to transfer the input tax credit that remains unutilized in its books of accounts to such sold, merged, demerged, amalgamated, leased or transferred business in the manner prescribed.
(7) Where any registered taxable person who has availed of input tax credit switches over as a taxable person for paying tax under section 9 or, where the goods and / or services supplied by him become exempt absolutely under section 11, he shall pay an amount, by way of debit in the electronic credit or cash ledger, equivalent to the credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock and inputs contained in semi-finished or finished goods held in stock and on capital goods, reduced by such percentage points as may be prescribed, on the day immediately preceding the date of such switch over or, as the case may be, the date of such exemption:
PROVIDED that after payment of such amount, the balance of input tax credit, if any, lying in his electronic credit ledger shall lapse.
(8) The amount payable under sub-section (7) shall be calculated in such manner as may be prescribed.
(9) The amount of credit under sub-section (1), (2), (3) and (4) shall be calculated in such manner as may be prescribed.
(10) In case of supply of capital goods or plant and machinery, on which input tax credit has been taken, the registered taxable person shall pay an amount equal to the input tax credit taken on the said capital goods or plant and machinery reduced by the percentage points as may be specified in this behalf or the tax on the transaction value of such capital goods or plant and machinery under sub-section (1) of section 15, whichever is higher:
PROVIDED FURTHER that where refractory bricks, moulds and dies, jigs and fixtures are supplied as scrap, the taxable person may pay tax on the transaction value of such goods under sub-section (1) of section 15.
Recovery of Input Tax Credit and Interest thereon
Where credit has been taken wrongly, the same shall be recovered from the registered taxable person in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
Taking input tax credit in respect of inputs sent for job work
(1) The “principal” referred to in section 55 shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be allowed input tax credit on inputs sent to a job-worker for job-work.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b) of sub-section (2) of section 16, the “principal” shall be entitled to take credit of input tax on inputs even if the inputs are directly sent to a job worker for job-work without their being first brought to his place of business.
(3) Where the inputs sent for job-work are not received back by the “principal” after completion of job-work or otherwise or are not supplied from the place of business of the job worker in accordance with clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 55 within a period of one year of their being sent out, it shall be deemed that such inputs had been supplied by the principal to the job-worker on the day when the said inputs were sent out:
PROVIDED that where the inputs are sent directly to a job worker, the period of one year shall be counted from the date of receipt of inputs by the job worker.
(4) The “principal” shall, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed, be allowed input tax credit on capital goods sent to a job-worker for job-work.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b) of sub-section (2) of section 16, the “principal” shall be entitled to take credit of input tax on capital goods even if the capital goods are directly sent to a job worker for job-work without their being first brought to his place of business.
(6) Where the capital goods sent for job-work are not received back by the “principal” within a period of three years of their being sent out, it shall be deemed that such capital goods had been supplied by the principal to the job worker on the day when the said capital goods were sent out:
PROVIDED that where the capital goods are sent directly to a job worker, the period of three years shall be counted from the date of receipt of capital goods by the job worker.
(7) Nothing contained in sub-section (3) or sub-section (6) shall apply to moulds and dies, jigs and fixtures, or tools sent out to a job-worker for job-work.
Manner of distribution of credit by Input Service Distributor
(1) The Input Service Distributor shall distribute, in such manner as may be prescribed, the credit of CGST as CGST or IGST and IGST as IGST or CGST by way of issue of a prescribed document containing, inter alia, the amount of input tax credit being distributed or being reduced thereafter, where the Distributor and the recipient of credit are located in different States. (CGST ACT)
(2) The Input Service Distributor shall distribute, in such manner as may be prescribed, the credit of SGST and IGST as SGST, by way of issue of a prescribed document containing, inter alia, the amount of input tax credit being distributed or being reduced thereafter, where the Distributor and the recipient of credit, being a business vertical, are located in the same State. (SGST Act)
(3) The Input Service Distributor may distribute the credit subject to the following conditions, namely:
(a) the credit can be distributed against a prescribed document issued to each of the recipients of the credit so distributed, and such document shall contain details as may be prescribed;
(b) the amount of the credit distributed shall not exceed the amount of credit available for distribution;
(c) the credit of tax paid on input services attributable to a recipient of credit shall be distributed only to that recipient;
(d) the credit of tax paid on input services attributable to more than one recipient of credit shall be distributed only amongst such recipient(s) to whom the input service is attributable and such distribution shall be pro rata on the basis of the turnover in a State of such recipient, during the relevant period, to the aggregate of the turnover of all such recipients to whom such input service is attributable and which are operational in the current year, during the said relevant period;
(e) the credit of tax paid on input services attributable to all recipients of credit shall be distributed amongst such recipients and such distribution shall be pro rata on the basis of the turnover in a State of such recipient, during the relevant period, to the aggregate of the turnover of all recipients and which are operational in the current year, during the said relevant period.
Explanation 1. – For the purposes of this section, the “relevant period” shall be Page (a) if the recipients of the credit have turnover in their States in the financial year preceding the year during which credit is to be distributed, the said financial year; or (b) if some or all recipients of the credit do not have any turnover in their States in the financial year preceding the year during which the credit is to be distributed, the last quarter for which details of such turnover of all the recipients are available, previous to the month during which credit is to be distributed.
Explanation 2. – For the purposes of this section, ‘recipient of credit’ means the supplier of goods and / or services having the same PAN as that of Input Service Distributor.
Explanation 3. – For the purposes of this section, ‘turnover’ means aggregate value of turnover, as defined under sub-section (6) of section 2.
Manner of recovery of credit distributed in excess
Where the Input Service Distributor distributes the credit in contravention of the provisions contained in section 21 resulting in excess distribution of credit to one or more recipients of credit, the excess credit so distributed shall be recovered from such recipient(s) along with interest, and the provisions of section 66 or 67, as the case may be, shall apply mutatis mutandis for effecting such recovery. Source: http://www.cbec.gov.in/
